The Center for Disease Control defines Communicable Disease as infectious and contagious and transmitted by infectious bacteria or viral organisms from one source to another.
Infectious Disease is also defined as caused by a microorganism potentially infinitely transferable to new individuals and may or may not be passed from person to person. However, in the 6th Edition of Community/Public Health Nursing by Mary A. Nies and Melanie McEWEN communicable disease and infectious disease are used interchangeably (Heymann,2008).
Infectious diseases are categorized as public and community health problems due to their possibility of spreading and causing either a community or worldwide outbreak. Preventing and controlling infectious disease requires official public health agencies at both local and international levels. In order to control, eradicate or eliminate communicable diseases, the community health nurse must identify the desired outcome or ultimate goal of the interventions to facilitate planning the nursing interventions and ascertaining the evaluation process. Planning interventions by the nurse will include controlling the disease by reducing incidence of new cases or prevalence of a given disease to a locally acceptable level as a result of deliberate efforts and eliminating the disease within a specified geographic area and reducing the prevalence and incidence to near zero. The international Task Force for disease considers wiping out the disease completely without planning for further control measures as eradication. In addition further prevention will include preventing transmission of an infectious agent and prevent pathology in the person exposed to the infection, activities to detect early and effectively treat persons who are infected and lastly, caring for persons with an infectious disease to ensure that they are cured or that their quality of life is maintained.
Nursing interventions can be included in a range of strategies which can include public service announcements, radio, television, pamphlets, town meeting, websites or public forum. An effective intervention by the nurse is what is agreed upon with the consumers of the program.
Evaluating the interventions is a key to knowing if the nurse did or did not communicate effectively through all the publications to the community or if the specific and measurable goals were met.
B. What is Bioterrorism? Explain the positive and negative aspect of Bioterrorism as it relates to the development and implementation of community-based and community-oriented health programs. Evaluate and describe the nursei??s role in Disease management, Communicable disease Prevention and Control programs.
The answer does not need to be double spaced. Thanks!
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