Describe the two cultures you selected and compare how each culture perceives intelligence.
Application: Perception of Intelligence
Different cultures conceptualize and measure components of intelligence in various ways. Some cultures value a person’s ability to quickly process and respond to information. Other cultures may value one’s ability to consult with members of the same culture who have more life experience in order to solve problems. Still, other cultures value creativity, formal education, and literacy as a basis of intelligence. With so many variations in cultural beliefs, how do researchers ensure accurate measurements of intelligence among different cultures? For example, can standardized tests of intellectual ability from a Western culture adequately and appropriately measure the intelligence valued by Kpelle farmers in Liberia?
For this Assignment, consider how cultures interpret intelligence differently. Reflect on how various cultures measure intelligence. Use your Final Project culture of interest and, in addition, select another culture that defines intelligence differently. Consider how you might test different cognitive abilities (e.g., memory, organization, and visualization) in each of these two different cultures.
The Assignment (4–5 pages)
Describe the two cultures you selected and compare how each culture perceives intelligence.
Explain three cultural factors that might influence how intelligence is perceived in each culture you selected.
Explain how you might measure intelligence in each culture and why you selected this method.
Support your responses using the Learning Resources and the current literature.
Recourses
Readings
Course Text: The Handbook of Culture and Psychology
Chapter 6, “Culture, Context, and Development”
Chapter 7, “Cognition Across Cultures”
Chapter 8, “Everyday Cognition: Where Culture, Psychology, and Education Come Together”
Article: Furnham, A., & Fukumoto, S. (2008). Japanese parents’ estimates of their own and their children’s multiple intelligences: Cultural modesty and moderate differentiation. Japanese Psychological Research, 50(2), 63–76.
Retrieved from the Walden Library using the Academic Search Complete database.
Article: Smith, M. K. (2008). Howard Gardner and multiple intelligences. Retrieved from http://www.infed.org/thinkers/gardner.htm
Article: Sternberg, R. J., & Grigorenko, E. L. (2004). Why we need to explore development in its cultural context Merrill-Palmer Quarterly, 50(3), 369–386.
Retrieved from the Walden Library using the Academic Search Complete database.
Article: Tsethlikai, M. (2011). An exploratory analysis of American Indian children’s cultural engagement, fluid cognitive skills, and standardized verbal IQ scores. Developmental Psychology, 47(1), 192–202. Retrieved from the Walden Library using the PsycARTICLES database.
Article: Uichol, K., & Young-Shin, P. (2006). Indigenous psychological analysis of academic achievement in Korea: The influence of self-efficacy, parents, and culture. International Journal of Psychology, 41(4), 287–292.
Retrieved from the Walden Library using the Academic Search Complete database.
Media
Video: Laureate Education, Inc. (Executive Producer). (2007). Culture and psychology: Culture and human development. Baltimore, MD: Author.
References
Transcript of media
Culture and Human Development Program Transcript
NARRATOR: All human beings develop in a cultural context. And that context shapes how they develop, from their sense of self to the choices they make. In this video program, doctors Hazel Rose Markus, Shinobu Kitayama, and Steven Heine discuss the influence of culture on aspects of human development, including intelligence.
HAZEL ROSE MARKUS: Oh, it’s great to be here– SHINOBU KITAYAMA: Oh, very nice to see you. STEVEN HEINE: Oh, yeah. Great to see you.
HAZEL ROSE MARKUS: –to have a conversation about culture and development. I think development is one of those areas of psychology that there are so many important ideas. It’s so central to everything about psychology.
STEVEN HEINE: How people become people.
HAZEL ROSE MARKUS: That’s it. It’s really at the core. And there have been so many important contributions.
You think about Piaget. You think about Kohlberg. Those theories– everybody uses those theories. It’s interesting to think about, though. Piaget– how did he come to his conclusions? What did he base his theory on?
SHINOBU KITAYAMA: Well, he observed his own child– HAZEL ROSE MARKUS: That’s right. That’s right.
SHINOBU KITAYAMA: –and developed his theory. And I think it’s a very, very interesting intellectual exercise to imagine what the theory might have looked like if Piaget was African or Asian, or he should have observed some [INAUDIBLE].
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